Policy on the Use of Artificial Intelligence and AI‑Assisted Technologies

Authors submitting manuscripts to our journal are required to disclose any use of generative artificial intelligence (AI) or AI‑assisted technologies in scientific writing, in accordance with the following principles:

  1. Permissible use: generative AI and AI‑assisted technologies may only be employed to enhance a manuscript’s clarity, language fluency, or spelling. Their use must be limited to improving readability and linguistic correctness.
  2. Human oversight and responsibility: AI tools must be used under careful human supervision. Authors must diligently review and edit AI-generated content, as such tools may produce output that appears credible but is inaccurate, incomplete, or biased. Ultimately, authors bear full responsibility for the content of their published work.
  3. Authorship: AI tools must not be credited as authors or co‑authors. Authorship confers responsibilities and obligations that only humans can assume.

If any generative AI or AI‑assisted technology was used during manuscript preparation, authors must include a disclosure statement at the end of the manuscript upon submission. This statement will appear in the published article in a separate section placed before the reference list. For example:

Statement: During the preparation of this work, the author(s) used the [NAME OF TOOL/SERVICE] tool to [DESCRIPTION OF USE]. Following the tool’s usage, the author(s) reviewed and edited the content as necessary, and accept full responsibility for the content of the published article.

Routine use of basic tools such as grammar checkers, spelling correction, or reference validation does not require disclosure. Authors who did not use generative AI or AI‑assisted technologies in preparing their manuscript are not required to submit a statement.

To protect both authorial rights and the confidentiality of research, our journal currently prohibits the use of generative AI or AI‑assisted technologies (e.g., ChatGPT or similar services) by peer reviewers or editors during the peer‑review or manuscript evaluation process. We are actively evaluating appropriate AI tools and may revise this policy in the future.